No model



' No. 749,413 PATBNTED JAN. 12, 1904. J. F. WARWICK.

KILN.

APPLICATION FILED 0013.28, 1903. no MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

F 5 W THE NORR 5 PETERS LO PHOYUUYNO WASHWGTON O C No. "749,413.PATENTED JAN. 12, 1904.

J. F. WARWICK.

KILN.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 28,-1 903. N0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented January 12, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN F. WARWICK, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming. part of Letters Patent No. 749,413, dated January12, 1904.

Application filed October 28, 1903. Serial No. 178,878. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN F.WARWIOK, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago,

in the county of (look and State of Illinois,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Kilns; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable I others skilled in the art towhich it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to a novel construction in a brick-kiln, the objectbeing to pro- I vide a kiln which will be practically imper vious toWeather and proof against cracking I and crumbling through the influenceof rapid changes of temperature and the accession of I moisture andwhich is readily fed with fuel and in general efficiently and durablyconstructed; and it consists in the features of construction andcombinations of parts hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention, Figure 1 is atop plan view, partly in section, of a kiln constructed'in accordancewith my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of same, partly brokenaway, on

. the line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

7 dry and upon cooling or in case of rain absorb enormous quantities ofmoisture and in the event of frost chip off so rapidly that frequentrepairs are, necessary. The moisture thus absorbed is also a sourceofannoyance, for the reason that in refiring the evaporation of thismoisture tends to keep the walls cool for a long time, and hence causesgreat waste of fuel.

Walls built of brick only are also very apt to crack through frequentexpansion and contraction under greatly-varying temperatures to whichthey are-exposed, and to avoid fissures the kilns are generallyencompassed by heavy steel hoops. I have also found that owing to thefact that kilns of this character each have a large number of furnaces(usually eight) it is very diflicult for one fireman to attend to morethan one kiln at a time, for the reason that no means are provided forrendering the feeding of fuel easy, and in this respect the constructionof my kiln affords great advantages, enabling me to provide means foreconomically handling and feeding fuel, so that one fireman can readilyattend to a number of kilns simultaneously, the lastnamed means forming'a part of my present invention. I

. Another great source of trouble in kilns of this description isthat noadequate means are provided to reinforce the cylindrical wall againstthe radial pressure of the dome,which is composed of arched mason-workand is enormously heavy and which in the event of cracking exertsenormous outward pressure. Such dome is frequently the source of greatworry, particularly when it is found necessary to repair the wall andfor this purpose remove the steel hoops.

To overcome these difiiculties, I provide in the upper end of thecylindrical wall A of the kiln B a hoop C, of channel-iron, which liesin the outer face of the wall with its flanges extending inwardly. Thissaid hoop is made of two semicircular sections of a sufficiently heavychannel-iron to withstand theutmost strain to which it can possibly besubjected in the worst event and has the effect of rendering the domepractically independent of the walls upon which it merely rests withoutin any case exerting a radial pressure, the said sections being securedtogether at their ends in any suitablemanner.

To protect the wall A from atmospheric influences, and, further, tostrengthen and reinforce the same, I provide a yielding steel jacket Daround the same, which is composed of two semicylindrical sectionsprovided with radial perforated projections E at their ends, throughwhich bolts F pass. Said bolts F are of a length sufficient to permitsprings G to be interposed between their heads and nuts and saidflanges, respectively, said springs which is apt to injure the bricksbeing burned by suddenly chilling the same.

A doorway N is provided between two of the furnaces, through which thekiln is loaded and unloaded. As this doorway must be large to admit offree access and egress of the workman, I find it necessary to so arrangethe jacket D as to form the corresponding doorway at one of the jointsbetween the two sections thereof, and hence I provide each secthan thelower bolts to carry the greateL- tion at one end with a recess 0 ofhalf the strains to which they are subjected. The said steel jacket Dbesides protecting the wall against atmospheric influences has the ad-Vantage of enabling the wall to be made less thick and by unskilledmasons, whereas at present only the most skilled masons can be employed.As said wall is lined interiorly with fire-brick, the protection of theouter surface renders repairs necessary only in the interior lining. Thesaid casing D is also advantageous in that it enables the radialfurnaces H to be made of steel and bolted or riveted thereon, thusobviating the necessity of other mason-work than lining said furnaceswith fire brick. Riveted or otherwise secured to said steel casing Dabove each of said furnaces is a hopper I, from the lower end of which atrough J leads to a point above the forward end of the grate K of thefurnace, in the upper wall of which is an opening L, communicating withsaid trough J. The latter is provided midway between its ends with aslidevalve M, by means of which the feeding of coal is controlled.Supported on the upper ends of said hoppers I is a tramway for dumpingcoal-cars, from which said hoppers are fed.

. This means for supplying coal to the hoppers and feeding the furnacesrenders the work of the fireman Very easy, he having only to operate thevalve and then open the doors of the furnaces to spread the coal overthe grates and remove the ashes, which requires very little time andlabor and has the further advantage of excluding the cold draft usuallyrushing into the furnace upon opening the door and keeping it open whileshoveling coal and width and corresponding in height and shape with thedoorway of the kiln and at this point provide long bolts P, spanningsaid doorway, said bolts being removed during the process of loading andunloading.

A kiln constructed as above described corresponds very nearly inoriginal cost of construction with those constructed in the usualmanner, but in the course of a few years will save more than theoriginal cost in the repairs and fuel saved in consequence of theexclusion of moisture.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination with the peripheral wall of akiln, of a steel jacket incasing same, said jacket being composed of aplurality of segmental sections yieldingly secured together at theirends.

2. The combination with the peripheral wall of a kiln, of a steel-jacketincasing same, said jacket being composed of a plurality of segmentalsections yieldingly secured to each other along their vertical edges.

3. The combination with the peripheral wall of a kiln, of a steel jacketincasing same, radial steel furnaces secured to said jacket, hopperssecured thereto above said furnaces, troughs connecting said hopperswith said fur naces, valves insaid troughs, and a tramway passing oversaid hoppers.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN F. WARWICK.

I/Vitnesses:

RUDOLPH WM. Lo'rz, F. SGHLOTFELD.

